Showing posts with label Chronic pain. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Chronic pain. Show all posts

Saturday, June 28, 2014

Pedicled Transverse Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous (TRAM)

Flap Reconstruction
Description
The operation is performed under general anesthetic, sometimes supplemented by
a paravertebral or epidural block. Adequate preoperative planning and preparation
is key to the success of TRAM fl ap breast reconstruction. Good lighting, careful
positioning, and high-quality equipment simplify the procedure.

Gynecomastia

Description
General anesthesia is usually used, but local anesthesia and IV sedation may be
preferred. Gynecomastia is enlargement of the male breast. The causes of gynecomastia
include chromosome abnormalities such as Klinefelter’s syndrome, renal
or hepatic disease, endocrine dysfunction, exogenous or endogenous hormones,
and other drugs, particularly cimetidine and marijuana. Incidence increases with
increasing age.